R&D Grant Funding can be applied for as a single applicant or as a consortium of 2 or more partners.
Some Horizon Europe projects can have more than 20 partners, but typically this is between 4 and 20 in a consortium. R&D grants designed for SMEs will generally accept applications from 1 – 5 partners, with single applicant funds being widely available (EIC Accelerator and Innovate UK Smart are good examples).
Eurostars, that runs twice a year with deadlines in February and September, requires 2 applicants from 2 countries to apply, offering €350k per partner.